Turbocharger
(1) Air inlet. (2) Compressor housing. (3) Compressor wheel. (4) Bearing. (5) Oil Inlet port. (6) Bearing. (7) Turbine housing. (8) Turbine wheel. (9) Exhaust outlet. (10) Oil outlet port. (11) Exhaust inlet.
The turbocharger is installed on the center section of the exhaust manifold. All the exhaust gases from the engine go through the turbocharger. The compressor side of the turbocharger is connected to the aftercooler by pipe.
The exhaust gases go into turbine housing (7) through exhaust inlet (11) and push the blades of turbine wheel (8). The turbine wheel is connected by a shaft to compressor wheel (3).
Clean air from the air cleaners is pulled through the compressor housing air inlet (1) by the rotation of compressor wheel (3). The action of the compressor wheel blades causes a compression of the inlet air. This compression gives the engine more power because it makes it possible for the engine to burn more air and fuel during combustion.
When the load on the engine increases, more fuel is injected into the cylinders. This makes more exhaust gases, and will cause the turbine and compressor wheels of the turbocharger to turn faster. As the compressor wheel turns faster, more air is forced into the cylinders. The increased flow of air gives the engine more power because it makes it possible for the engine to burn the additional fuel with greater efficiency.
Wastegate Turbocharger
(12) Actuating lever. (13) Canister. (14) Line (boost pressure).
When the engine is operating under low boost conditions a spring pushes against a diaphragm in canister (13) and moves actuating lever (12) to close the wastegate valve which will allow the turbocharger to operate at maximum performance.
As the boost pressure increases against the diaphragm in canister (13), the wastegate valve is opened and the rpm of the turbocharger is limited by bypassing a portion of the exhaust gases thru a line (14) around the turbine wheel of the turbocharger.
NOTE: The wastegate turbocharger is preset at the factory and no adjustment can be made.
Bearings (4 and 6) for the turbocharger use engine oil under pressure for lubrication. The oil comes in through the oil inlet port (5) and does through passages in the center section for lubrication of the bearings. Oil from the turbocharger goes out through the oil outlet port (10) in the bottom of the center section and goes back to the engine lubrication system.